Billy Ma

Appendix B: Natural Philosophy-Based Eternal Life Theory: A Novel Regulatory Mechanism of Human Aging

This pre-print manuscript entitled Natural-philosophy-based Theory of Life-Immortality proposes an original and previously unreported mechanism of human aging derived from top-down natural philosophical deduction built upon personal physiological observations from five all-night...

Appendix B: Natural Philosophy-Based Eternal Life Theory: A Novel Regulatory Mechanism of Human Aging

This pre-print manuscript entitled Natural-philosophy-based Theory of Life-Immortality proposes an original and previously unreported mechanism of human aging derived from top-down natural philosophical deduction built upon personal physiological observations from five all-night...

PADA‑V2: Axis Model of Photoperiod‑Adenosine‑A₂A Receptor Desensitization‑Aging Core Summary‑EN

This is the English‑language concise standalone summary (Core Summary‑EN) for the PADA‑V2 hypothesis. PADA‑V2 (Photoperiod‑Adenosine‑A₂A Receptor Desensitization‑Aging) is a falsifiable theoretical hypothesis in sleep biology. Beyond the classical adenosine‑concentration‑centered...

Appendix A: N‑of‑1 EP01‑EP05 Raw Observation Records, PADA‑V2 Hypothesis System

This archival preprint is Appendix A of the complete PADA‑V2 (Photoperiod‑Adenosine‑Desensitization‑Aging) hypothesis system. It contains retrospective N‑of‑1 observational records covering five successive physiological episodes from 2001 to 2023. The document records progressive...

Appendix A: N‑of‑1 EP01‑EP05 Raw Observation Records, PADA‑V2 Hypothesis System

This archival preprint is Appendix A of the complete PADA‑V2 (Photoperiod‑Adenosine‑Desensitization‑Aging) hypothesis system. It contains retrospective N‑of‑1 observational records covering five successive physiological episodes from 2001 to 2023. The document records progressive...

PADA Hypothesis: The Axis Model of Photoperiod‑Driven Receptor Desensitization and Aging (PADA‑V2‑ENGLISH)

This archival preprint presents the complete PADA‑V2 hypothesis system (Photoperiod‑Adenosine‑Desensitization‑Aging), a falsifiable mechanistic framework investigating sleep pressure and ageing‑related stress driven by adenosine‑receptor signalling. Departing from the conventiona...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix D: V2‑17‑2 PADA Manuscript + 27 Patch Packages, Full Revision Records

This document is Appendix D of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It contains the finalized V2‑17‑2 PADA main text and the full set of 27 iterative patch packages, preserving all revision, correction and iteration records of the PADA theoretical framework for academic trace...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix D: V2‑17‑2 PADA Manuscript + 27 Patch Packages, Full Revision Records

This document is Appendix D of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It contains the finalized V2‑17‑2 PADA main text and the full set of 27 iterative patch packages, preserving all revision, correction and iteration records of the PADA theoretical framework for academic trace...

PADA Hypothesis V2: The Light-Melatonin-Adenosine-Aging Axis, GRK Receptor Desensitization and Whole-Life Sleep Regulation Model

This work presents Version 2 of the PADA Hypothesis, a unified biological framework built upon the light-melatonin-adenosine-aging axis. The hypothesis shifts the traditional "adenosine concentration centrism" paradigm to a "receptor state determinism" model, where sleep pressure...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix C: V2-16-5 PMXAA and 25 Extension Packages, Full Derivation & Deduction Records of PADA

This document is Appendix C of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It contains the V2-16-5 PMXAA framework and 25 extended derivation packages, preserving the complete iterative deduction, logical discussion and theoretical evolution process during the formation of the PADA...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix A: N-of-1 20-year life experience and five long-term wakefulness case records

This file is Appendix A of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It systematically records the full 20-year N-of-1 life course and five key long-term wakefulness events of the researcher.The complete master manuscript has completed credible timestamp certification on 2026-08-2...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix E: Complete Deduction Collection, Deduction 001‑040

This document is Appendix E of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It collects all serial deduction records from No.001 to No.040, including the complete logical derivation process, hypothesis iteration and discussion records of the PADA/PSMDA model, for full academic tracea...

PADA Hypothesis Appendix E: Complete Deduction Collection, Deduction 001‑040

This document is Appendix E of the complete PADA hypothesis manuscript. It collects all serial deduction records from No.001 to No.040, including the complete logical derivation process, hypothesis iteration and discussion records of the PADA/PSMDA model, for full academic tracea...

PADA Hypothesis V2: The Light-Melatonin-Adenosine-Aging Axis, GRK Receptor Desensitization and Whole-Life Sleep Regulation Model

This work presents Version 2 of the PADA Hypothesis, a unified biological framework built upon the light-melatonin-adenosine-aging axis. The hypothesis shifts the traditional "adenosine concentration centrism" paradigm to a "receptor state determinism" model, where sleep pressure...