Abdelouahab Zaatri

Diagnosing Structural Fragility in Rentier States by Operationalizing the Constraint Residual (Φ): Comparative Trajectories in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, and Norway, 1980–2021

Macroeconomic indicators fail to capture the slow accumulation of structural rigidities preceding political ruptures in rentier states. Drawing on an analogy with Differential-Algebraic Equation (DAE) systems, where unresolved constraints can accumulate and drive institutional br...