Comparison of systemic inflammatory indices and periodontal parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and gouty arthritis with periodontitis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare systemic inflammatory indices—including the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR)—and clinical periodontal parameters in systemically healthy patients with periodontitis and patients with periodontitis and concomitant rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or gouty arthritis (GA). 66 participants were divided into three groups: systemically healthy patients with periodontitis (SHP, n = 22), patients with RA and periodontitis (RAP, n = 22) and patients with GA and periodontitis (GAP, n = 22). Periodontal parameters and systemic inflammatory biomarkers SII, SIRI, AISI, NLR, PLR and MLR were assessed. The GAP group exhibited significantly lower probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) values and neutrophil counts but higher lymphocyte counts than the other groups (p < 0.05). SII, SIRI, and NLR values were significantly lower in the GAP group compared to the SHP and RAP groups, while AISI and MLR were significantly lower in the GAP group compared to the SHP group (p < 0.05). SII and NLR were positively correlated with BOP, PPD, and CAL (p < 0.05). SII and NLR were positively associated with BOP, PPD, and CAL. However, these findings demonstrate associations rather than diagnostic or prognostic utility and should be confirmed in larger prospective studies.