Examining the Relationship Between Cycling Infrastructure Buffers and Parking Citations for Vehicles Obstructing Cycling Facilities in Toronto, Canada

Abstract

This study evaluates the relationship between different cycling infrastructure buffer types in Toronto, Canada, and car parking citations issued to vehicles obstructing cycling facilities. Car parking infraction data from 2014 to 2024 were used to compare parking infractions during comparable periods before and after the installation of cycling infrastructure buffers. Fourteen cycling infrastructure locations were selected, encompassing multiple buffer types, including painted buffers, flex posts, concrete curbs, and elevated cycle tracks. Results indicate that buffers with concrete curbs were associated with lower rates of car parking citations, while painted buffers without physical barriers were associated with higher citation rates.