CABARAN GURU BAHASA MELAYU DALAM MENGAPLIKASIKAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL SEMASA PROSES PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN: SATU TINJAUAN LITERATUR BERSISTEMATIK (The Challenges Faced by Malay Language Teachers in Applying Digital Technology During the Teaching and Learning Process: A Systematic Literature Review)

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Pengintegrasian teknologi digital dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) Bahasa Melayu semakin diberi perhatian selaras dengan perkembangan pendidikan abad ke-21 dan transformasi pendidikan digital negara. Walau bagaimanapun, guru Bahasa Melayu masih berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran dalam mengaplikasikan teknologi digital secara berkesan semasa PdP. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti jenis teknologi digital yang digunakan oleh guru Bahasa Melayu, meneliti cabaran yang dihadapi dalam mengaplikasikan teknologi digital serta menghuraikan cara guru mengatasi cabaran tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan Sorotan Literatur Sistematik (Systematic Literature Review, SLR) berpandukan garis panduan PRISMA. Sebanyak 15 artikel jurnal yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2021 hingga 2025 dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi telah dipilih serta dianalisis secara tematik. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa platform pembelajaran digital, aplikasi kolaboratif dan produktiviti digital, multimedia digital, aplikasi gamifikasi serta media sosial dan komunikasi digital merupakan teknologi yang dominan digunakan dalam PdP Bahasa Melayu. Cabaran utama yang dihadapi guru ialah kesukaran mengintegrasikan teknologi digital dalam PdP, kekurangan pengetahuan dan kemahiran digital, kekangan internet dan kemudahan teknologi, kekangan teknikal dan penyediaan bahan digital, penglibatan serta kesediaan murid, dan cabaran penggunaan teknologi baharu seperti kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence-AI). Bagi mengatasi cabaran tersebut, guru mengaplikasikan pelbagai strategi seperti memperkukuh latihan dan kolaborasi profesional, meningkatkan kompetensi digital, melaksanakan PdP yang interaktif dan berpusatkan murid, menambah baik akses teknologi serta memanfaatkan gamifikasi dan multimedia digital. Kajian ini memberikan implikasi bahawa pembangunan kompetensi digital guru dan penyediaan infrastruktur teknologi yang mencukupi perlu diperkukuh bagi memastikan keberkesanan pengintegrasian teknologi digital dalam PdP Bahasa Melayu.Kata kunci: Teknologi Digital, Guru Bahasa Melayu, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran, Sorotan Literatur Sistematik, Pendidikan DigitalABSTRACT: The integration of digital technology in Malay language teaching and learning has gained increasing attention in line with the advancement of 21st-century education and the national digital education transformation agenda. Nevertheless, Malay language teachers continue to face various challenges in effectively implementing digital technology during the teaching and learning process. Therefore, this study aims to identify the types of digital technologies used by Malay language teachers, examine the challenges encountered in integrating digital technology, and explore the strategies employed to overcome these challenges. This study adopted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA framework. A total of 15 journal articles published between 2021 and 2025 that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analysed thematically. The findings revealed that digital learning platforms, collaborative and productivity applications, digital multimedia, gamification applications, and social media and digital communication tools were among the most frequently used technologies in Malay language teaching and learning. The major challenges identified include difficulties in integrating digital technology into teaching practices, limited digital knowledge and skills among teachers, inadequate internet access and technological facilities, technical issues and digital material preparation, student engagement and readiness, as well as challenges associated with emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). To address these challenges, teachers employed various strategies, including strengthening professional training and collaboration, enhancing digital competencies, implementing interactive and student-centred teaching approaches, improving access to technological resources, and utilising gamification and digital multimedia. The study implies that continuous development of teachers’ digital competencies and adequate technological infrastructure are essential to ensure the effective integration of digital technology in Malay language teaching and learning.Keywords: Digital Technology, Malay Language Teachers, Teaching and Learning, Systematic LiteratureReview, Digital Education