Assessing Sustainability Equilibrium in a Unitary State Structure Under Parallel Governance: An Empirical Analysis Using the Sufficiency Data Quantum (SDQ) Model

Abstract

This documentary research examines and assesses the architectural impacts on the unitary state framework under Section 1 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, B.E. 2560 (2017), through the simulation framework of the Sufficiency Data Quantum (SDQ) model. The systemic sustainability equilibrium equation is applied: S = L1 × L2 × L3 × L4 × L5. Employing documentary research methodology, primary legal and budgetary sources were analyzed, including the Islamic Religious Administration Act B.E. 2540, the Hajj Affairs Promotion Act B.E. 2524 (as amended B.E. 2559), annual expenditure budget documents, and pertinent Cabinet resolutions. Empirical findings reveal the de facto emergence of institutional parallel governance through statutory concession rights to issue halal certification marks under Section 26 (13), creating closed-loop capital circuits and an extra-budgetary financial mechanism (L3 = 0.85). Concurrently, information asymmetry suppresses broad public awareness (L2 = 0.30), driving overall systemic equilibrium down to a critical threshold of S = 0.0459. To address these structural vulnerabilities, the study proposes an Omnibus Bill to abolish quasi-governmental status, transfer standard certification mandates to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI), and remit all certification fee revenues directly into the central national treasury, thereby restoring constitutional state neutrality and safeguarding unitary state integrity.