“Technology and science are, by definition, non-discriminatory”- narratives of the performance of sex and gender dimensions in European climate project proposals

Abstract

Abstract The integration of sex and gender dimensions (SGDs) in European research and innovation (R&I) funding has become a central policy priority, yet its practical implementation in grant proposals remains underexplored. This study investigates how SGDs are framed, negotiated, and operationalised in technology-oriented proposals addressing the climate crisis, submitted to Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe between 2014 and 2022. Using an inductive constructivist grounded theory approach, 87 funded and rejected proposals were analysed to identify patterns in SGDs integration. The findings reveal three main themes: (i) a wide spectrum of integration practices, ranging from comprehensive incorporation to more procedural or symbolic inclusion; (ii) differences in the use of terminology and conceptual clarity; and (iii) a tendency to conflate equal participation with SGDs in R&I, often focusing on women’s representation while overlooking broader structural dimensions. A tension emerges between formal compliance and substantive engagement, shaped by disciplinary norms, institutional expectations, and policy signals. The study provides a foundational understanding of how SGDs are currently addressed in EU grant writing and highlights areas where further support may be beneficial. These include enhanced training, clearer guidance, more transparent evaluation criteria, and greater institutional support. The findings offer useful insights for policymakers, funders, and researchers aiming to strengthen the integration of sex and gender considerations across the research funding landscape.