Human-in-the-Loop Artificial Intelligence for Regulatory-Compliant Cloud Data Engineering

Abstract

This research examines the design and implementation of human-in-the-loop artificial intelligence systems for regulatory-compliant cloud data engineering. It explores how AI automation can be integrated with structured human oversight to support compliance with regulatory frameworks such as GDPR, CCPA, and HIPAA while maintaining operational efficiency. The paper presents an architectural framework covering automated data processing, human decision points, oversight workflows, regulatory requirement mapping, compliance documentation, audit trails, and continuous compliance monitoring. It also discusses implementation strategies, organizational challenges, scalability, workflow latency, and the limitations of human oversight in cloud data engineering. The research aims to help data engineers, cloud architects, compliance professionals, and enterprise organizations design AI-enabled data workflows that balance automation, accountability, and regulatory requirements. Keywords: Human-in-the-Loop AI, Regulatory Compliance, Data Engineering, Cloud Computing, GDPR, Automated Governance.