An ecological systems theory-based examination of social support mechanisms for women diagnosed with breast cancer

Abstract

This study examined the social support experiences of women diagnosed with breast cancer within the framework of ecological systems theory. Using a qualitative design and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 women who had completed breast cancer treatment in Türkiye. Findings revealed that social support operates as a dynamic and multilayered system involving spousal, peer, patient group, expert, spiritual, and internal support mechanisms. Support needs evolved throughout the illness trajectory, reflecting interactions across micro-, meso-, exo-, macro-, and chronosystem levels. Participants highlighted the importance of unconditional spousal acceptance, peer understanding, patient support groups, healthcare professionals, spirituality, and personal resilience. The findings underscore the value of holistic, gender-sensitive, and ecological psychosocial interventions in oncology social work practice to enhance adaptation, well-being, and quality of life.