The Bahuma traditions of the Dayak Kenyah tribe, Kutai Kartanegara: An ecolinguistics study

Abstract

The Bahuma (traditional farming) practice among the Dayak Kenyah tribe is not merely an agricultural activity but an integral part of their identity and local wisdom, deeply embedded with ecological values. However, this tradition is at risk of extinction due to policies prohibiting land burning and the expansion of mining companies. This study aims to explore the local and ecological values inherent in the Bahuma tradition as a means of preserving the cultural heritage of the Dayak Kenyah people. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with an ecolinguistic approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with 10 informants, including farmers, traditional leaders, and tribe members directly involved in Dayak Kenyah and Kutai Kartanegara farming activities. Secondary data were collected through documentation and field notes. Informants were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The findings reveal seven key aspects of local wisdom: religiosity, deliberation, cooperation, responsibility, hard work, patience, and prudence. The ecological values embedded in the Bahuma tradition encompass environmental and cultural preservation, harmonious coexistence with nature, future-oriented sustainability, and gratitude to the Creator. These findings contribute to the existing literature on traditional agricultural practices based on local wisdom in Indonesia, which remains underexplored, particularly from an ecolinguistic perspective. This study recommends integrating Bahuma values into local environmental education and cultural preservation policies.