Society & Economicsarticle2026-09-18

Realizing Agentic AI Value:A Systems Approach to Autonomy and Risk

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Abstract

Summary Agentic Artificial Intelligence (Agentic AI) promises to transform organizations, yet many executives remain uncertain about how to capture value while minimizing the risks of these systems. This article’s Agentic AI Approach Matrix helps executives consider the level of autonomy given to such systems of autonomous AI agents, as well as the organizational mindset. Executives should adopt a mindset of systems thinking when approaching Agentic AI. By embracing systems thinking to drive value, executives are wise to execute the 5Es model to establish, explore, evaluate, and enhance Agentic AI while being aware of the emergence of risks, including opacity, misalignment, feedback loops, sovereignty, and costs.

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexCalifornia Management ReviewPublished 2026-09-18

Authors: Alex Reppel, Stefanie Beninger, Henry Robben, Onur Eken

Institutions: Royal Holloway University of London, Nyenrode Business University, Nestlé (Germany)