Caregivers’ experiences of caring for children living with HIV in a juvenile institution in Zimbabwe

Abstract

This study explored caregivers’ experiences of caring for children living with HIV (CLHIV) in a juvenile institutional setting in Zimbabwe. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory (1977), a qualitative design was employed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 caregivers and three key informants, and data were analysed thematically. Findings revealed emotional strain, limited professional training, restrictive organisational policies, and difficulties in developing trusting caregiver–child relationships. Despite these challenges, caregivers demonstrated resilience through social support, spiritual engagement, acceptance, and adaptive coping strategies. These strategies helped them sustain caregiving responsibilities, support adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and maintain relational stability. The study highlights the need for trauma-informed training, clearer disciplinary frameworks, and strengthened psychosocial support for caregivers. These findings have implications for improving institutional HIV care, caregiver wellbeing, and child outcomes while strengthening alignment with national and global child protection and health frameworks.