Enhanced and Swift Adsorptive Removal of Basic Violet 3 Dye Utilizing MWCNT-MXene Composite

Abstract

Abstract Carcinogenic basic violet 3 (BV3) has severe hazards, requiring efficient extraction methods. The study demonstrates solvothermal MWCNT-MXene adsorbent fabrication to remove BV3 from aqueous solutions. The composite exhibited 99% BV3 adsorption in 30 min and a maximum capacity of 263.2 mg g−1. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics behavior suggest monolayer chemisorption on energetically homogenous active sites. MXene's numerous surface functional groups and MWCNTs’ π-conjugated graphitic framework enable several adsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic contact, π–π stacking, and hydrogen bonding.