An Effective Toy Model Inspired by the Gluon Mass Gap via β-Vacuum

Abstract

We present a non-perturbative toy model with an infrared mass scale inspired by QCD, valid for Euclidean momenta Q ≤ m_gap. The β-Vacuum is defined by the Lagrangian Lβ = β/4 (∂μΦᵃ ∂ᵐΦᵃ)² + α/2 Φᵃ □² Φᵃ + m₀²/2 Φᵃ Φᵃ with a = 1,...,8. We prove strict monotonicity of the associated Euler-Lagrange operator in W¹˙⁴ ∩ H² and deduce existence and uniqueness of weak solutions via Minty-Browder. The linearized operator Lβ = α □² + m₀² has Euclidean spectrum σ(Lβ) = [m₀², ∞) and propagator D_E(k) = 1 / (α (k²)² + m₀²), defining an effective pole scale m_gap = (m₀²/α)¹ᐟ⁴ > 0. We analyze the composite vector field Aμᵃ = κ ∂μΦᵃ and show it is purely longitudinal, and we introduce the transverse-projected composite Aμᵃᵀ = κ Pᵀ{μν} ∂ᵛΦᵃ, Pᵀ{μν}= η_{μν} - ∂μ∂ν/□, as a phenomenological analogue for a spin-1 field. The model exhibits exponential clustering |D_E(x)| ≤ C|x|⁻¹ e^{-m_gap|x|/√2}. It is proposed as a mathematically tractable effective Lagrangian in the spirit of chiral perturbation theory. This model is not derived from Yang-Mills and is not claimed to solve the Clay mass gap problem.