The Development and Validation of the Ethnic-Racial Identity Developmental Dynamics Scale (ERIDDS)

Abstract

This study introduces and provides initial validation of the Ethnic-Racial Identity Developmental Dynamics Scale (ERIDDS), a self-report measure of current retrospective perceptions of continuity and change in ethnic-racial identity (ERI) meaning. Grounded in developmental contextualism and narrative lifespan perspectives, the scale was developed through item generation, expert review, cognitive interviews, and psychometric evaluation across two studies with racially minoritized emerging adults. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses provided preliminary relative support for two factors: Identity Change and Identity Stability. The retained model showed mixed absolute fit in the full sample but was estimable across three analytic groups. Measurement invariance across these groups was not established. Accordingly, the findings support cautious research use of the ERIDDS within its intended population but not observed or latent mean comparisons across groups. ERIDDS scores showed expected associations with ERI exploration, resolution, and family ethnic-racial socialization, while remaining distinct from negative ethno-racial affect and global self-esteem. The ERIDDS complements existing measures by assessing how individuals interpret continuity and change in ERI meaning. Future research should examine correspondence with longitudinally observed ERI change and further evaluate the scale across diverse populations.