Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the transition of epilepsy care among neurologists and pediatric neurologists in Colombia, 2025–2026: A convergent study

Abstract

Introduction The transition of epilepsy care from childhood to adulthood is a complex process that directly impacts treatment adherence, quality of life, and clinical outcomes. In Colombia, the implementation of structured transition programs is limited, representing a critical gap in care. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the transition in epilepsy care among residents and professionals in neurology and neuropediatrics in Colombia. Methods A mixed-methods study with a convergent design was conducted. The quantitative component included 60 participants (29 adult neurologists and 31 neuropediatricians) who completed a structured questionnaire. The qualitative component was conducted through focus groups (n = 8) using a phenomenological approach. Bivariate statistical analyses and odds ratio calculations were performed. Qualitative analysis was conducted using thematic coding. Results were integrated through methodological triangulation using joint matrices. Results No significant differences were found in most variables related to knowledge and practices. However, pediatric neurologists reported higher levels of training in transition care (52% vs. 21%; p = 0.013) and placed greater emphasis on psychosocial aspects and patient autonomy. The availability of formal protocols was low in both groups. Qualitative analysis revealed structural barriers such as system fragmentation, lack of coordination, and the absence of defined processes. Triangulation showed a predominance of convergent findings in emotional dimensions and patient-centered care, and divergences in organizational aspects of the health system. Conclusions There is a shared understanding of the transition process, but structural and training gaps persist that limit its implementation. It is necessary to develop structured programs, strengthen professional training, and improve coordination between levels of care. These findings should be interpreted considering the study's limitations, including the small sample size, convenience sampling, and the limited qualitative sample.