Radiological findings of new-onset acute myeloid leukemia presenting as acute respiratory failure: A case report

Abstract

In rare cases, the onset of acute myeloid leukemia can mimic other organ disorders, creating diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in identification and management. We report the case of a patient with acute respiratory failure and a history of urothelial carcinoma. Computed tomography findings demonstrated the concurrent presence of reticular, nodular, and high-attenuation patterns, along with pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy, caused by pulmonary infiltration of undifferentiated myeloid precursors, as confirmed by postmortem autopsy findings.