Space - Time. Merging Physical or Iurian Coordinates and Spatial or Cartesian Coordinates to Unify and Harmonize Scientific Structure. Rev. 1

Abstract

After decades of efforts to solve the fundamental structural question of science, this paper presents a critical analysis and proposes an alternative formulation. The predominant model of "space-time", central to modern physics, combines the three spatial coordinates with one temporal coordinate in a four-dimensional continuum (R³ + T¹). Although this model has great historical and theoretical importance, it has relevant limitations such as formal asymmetries, conceptual insufficiencies, and a visually unbalanced model, impeding clear, simple, and harmonious graphic representation of nature. These elements suggest weaknesses in the prevailing theories, which become evident when examined in the light of the structural unifications proposed in this study. In this centennial scenario, the constitution of the Physical (or Iurian) Coordinates is proposed, conceived as a three-dimensional structure formed by Energy, Displacement (or Movement) and Time (EDT), whose components are intrinsically correlated, allowing a systematic combination/superposition between the Physical (or Iurian) Coordinates and the Spatial (or Cartesian) Coordinates. The unification harmonizes the two coordinates, configuring an innovative solution to the Gordian Structural Knot of the Edifice of Science. The current state of the art, the concepts of space-time reveal signs of structural instability, alerted by Thomas Kuhn’s studies, which emerge with greater intensity after this study. Thus, this proposition aims to contribute to clearer, more solid, consistent, and lasting foundations, harmoniously unified, compatible with nature and verifiable by any observer, at any time and place.