Investigation of Surface Roughness, Tool Wear, and Chip Form in Lathe Machining of High Manganese Austenitic Steel

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate surface roughness, tool wear, and chip formation in the machining of high-manganese austenitic steel. For this purpose, machining experiments were conducted using the turning method with three different cutting speeds, two different feed rates, and three different cutting depths. Surface roughness measurements were taken during the machining experiments, and microscopic images of the cutting tools used in each experiment were recorded. Samples of the chips produced during turning were also examined. The data obtained from the experiments showed that all selected cutting parameters had different effects. Generally, roughness increased with increasing cutting depth. Generally, roughness decreased with increasing cutting speed. Contrary to the literature, doubling the feed rate did not result in the expected increase in roughness. Significant wear did not occur on the cutting tools at a cutting depth of 0.4 mm. With increasing cutting depth, minimal flank wear, partial nose wear, and BUE (Built-Up Edge) occurred. Analysis of the chips produced in the experiments revealed that the applied cutting parameters had different effects. However, it was observed that the most significant effect on chip shapes was due to an increase in cutting depth. As the cutting depth increased, a transition from shorter chip forms to longer chip forms was observed. In machining experiments, ribbon, tubular, conical, and helical chip forms were generally produced. This study demonstrated that higher cutting parameters can be applied when turning high-manganese austenitic steel using the CNMG120408 OMM cutting tool.