Stagnation‐Point Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of Williamson Nanofluid Over a Stretching Cylinder: A Nonsimilar Solution

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present investigation aims to explore the nonsimilar stagnation‐point flow and heat transfer characteristics of a Williamson nanofluid over a stretching cylinder. This study investigates the coupled influences of magnetic field, viscous dissipation, nonlinear radiative heat flux, Joule heating, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis on the hydrodynamics and heat transfer characteristics. This mathematical modeling of the phenomenon is achieved by using basic conservation laws of mass, momentum, energy, and concentration. To enable a more efficient and insightful analysis of the underlying physical phenomena, the original dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into dimensionless form using suitable nonsimilar transformations. After that, these equations are numerically solved by using the Finite difference method to investigate how different physical parameters affect the profiles of temperature, velocity, and nanoparticle concentration. The obtained results are compared with previously published work, and the close agreement confirms that the numerical scheme is accurate and reliable. Key findings show that the Williamson fluid parameter raises the velocity profile. Viscous dissipation and thermal radiation both increase heat transfer. The streamwise coordinate shows increasing effects on the velocity and temperature profiles, but dual effects on the concentration profile. The obtained findings can contribute to the understanding of nanofluid transport phenomena in engineering systems involving simultaneous heat and mass transfer, particularly in material processing and biomedical applications.