Dark Matter: An Analytical Study with a Proposed Geometric Hypothesis

Abstract

Dark matter was proposed to explain a number of astronomical observations that cannot be adequately accounted for by visible matter alone. One of the strongest pieces of evidence comes from galaxy clusters, which are the largest gravitationally bound structures in the universe. Observations indicate that galaxies within these clusters move at exceptionally high velocities. According to current gravitational models, the visible mass of the clusters is insufficient to generate the gravitational force required to keep them bound together. To resolve this discrepancy, scientists proposed the existence of an unseen form of matter known as dark matter. Despite decades of research, dark matter has not yet been directly detected, leaving several fundamental questions unanswered. This study examines the current scientific understanding of dark matter and explores an alternative interpretation based on a geometric framework. The proposed hypothesis suggests that gravitational effects may be influenced not only by the distribution of mass and energy, but also by large-scale geometric inhomogeneities in spacetime. In this model, variations in the intrinsic structure of spacetime could contribute to phenomena currently attributed to dark matter. The aim of this research is to present and analyse this hypothesis, evaluate its theoretical implications, and discuss its potential as a complementary perspective in the study of cosmic structure and gravitational behaviour.