Physics & Spacearticle2026-08-29

Zulfia Geometry: Curvature as Emergence from the Arithmetic Force

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Abstract

Classical geometry postulates a metric tensor gμν from which curvature is derived. This paperposes a foundational question: where does curvature originate when no metric is assumed?We answer within Zulfia Theory (ZT), founded on the Zulfia Decomposition MappingZ(x, u) = η(x, u) + ∆(x, u) [1]. We axiomatize Zulfia Geometry (ZG) through a singleprinciple — the Unavoidable Decomposition Principle (UDP) — and derive the ArithmeticForce Equation (AFE) as its governing law. Curvature is not postulated; it emerges asK(x, u) = ∥∆(x, u)∥∥η(x, u)∥ , A(x, u) = ∥Z(x, u)∥∥η(x, u)∥as the ratio of structural to directional deviation. No metric, manifold smoothness, or priorstructure is required.We prove three core theorems:(i) Nonnegative curvature,(ii) Degeneracy K = 0 ⇐⇒ ∆ = 0, and(iii) Recovery of Riemannian curvature as a special case.Consistency across Optimization, Statistics, and Classical Physics is established. ZG providesa pre-metric origin of geometry and bridges to Zulfia Spacetime Z(x, u, t).

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-29

Authors: DR. ZULFIQAR ALI KHAN