J-trust: a trustworthy and accountable governance scheme for Jiandu digital resources with fine-grained access control

Abstract

Abstract Digitization supports the preservation and collaborative study of Jiandu, but dispersed ownership, frequent scholarly revisions, and sensitive data complicate secure sharing and accountable governance. We propose J-Trust, a blockchain-based governance framework that separates low-frequency rights confirmation from high-frequency academic collaboration through a main-side dual-chain architecture. The main chain anchors ownership, identities, and final states, while task-specific side chains process revisions and expert voting. A decentralized threshold SM2 scheme with distributed key generation, proactive share refresh, and a signer bitlist provides fault tolerance and traceable accountability. HIBE and CP-ABE enable hierarchical, fine-grained access control, while zero-knowledge proofs synchronize verified side-chain outcomes without exposing private discussions. Experiments on the DeepJiandu dataset show that J-Trust sustains 115–120 TPS with 20–24 ms latency. Ablation and scalability analyses further confirm the effectiveness of the proposed cryptographic and architectural components.