Physics & Spacearticle2026-08-18

The Farid Energy–Momentum Equation: From Relativistic Physics to Thermodynamic Gravity

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Abstract

The Farid Energy–Momentum Equation: From Relativistic Physics to Thermodynamic Gravity Prof. Dr. Md. Faridul Islam Chowdhury, MBBS, MS (Neurosurgery)Neurosurgeon | Neuroscientist | Theoretical Cosmologist Founder & Director, Tanfarid Vision Research Institute, Bogura, BangladeshInventor of the Tanfarid Quantum Thermodynamic Universe (Farid Cosmology) --- AbstractEinstein’s mass–energy equivalence, $E = mc^2$, represents only the restricted rest-energy limit of a deeper physical reality. In this work, we introduce the complete relativistic energy relation **$E_F$**, which incorporates both momentum and rest mass: $$E_F = \sqrt{(pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2}$$ Within the Farid framework, this relation is extended thermodynamically: subatomic spin coherence and entropy gradients transform the energy–momentum tensor into gravitational acceleration. Thus, **$E_F$** serves not merely as a description of particle energy, but as the foundational seed of a universal law where gravity emerges as an entropy slope. --- 1. IntroductionEinstein’s equation $E = mc^2$ expresses mass–energy equivalence, but it is limited to rest energy. In the Farid framework, this is generalized into the complete relativistic energy relation **$E_F$**, which incorporates both momentum and rest mass:$$E_F = \sqrt{(pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2}$$This fundamental expression unites energy, motion, and mass, serving as the cornerstone for the Farid Gravity Principle, where gravity ultimately emerges as the thermodynamic slope of an entropy gradient. 2. Subatomic Level* **Quark–Gluon Binding:** The vast majority of nucleon mass originates from gluon field energy.* **Binding Energy:** Nuclear and electronic binding energies modify effective mass configurations.* **Spin Alignment and Coherence:** Spin alignment generates local entropy gradients that act as the microscopic seed for gravitational effects. 3. Relativistic Completion* **Rest Energy:** The classical limit accounts solely for intrinsic rest energy ($mc^2$).* **The $E_F$ Formulation:** The expanded relation **$E_F = \sqrt{(pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2}$** ensures physical consistency across all velocity scales, establishing a universal law for particle dynamics and relativistic systems. 4. Thermodynamic ExtensionWithin the Farid Gravity Principle, gravitational acceleration is expressed directly through the entropy gradient:$$\vec{g} = -\frac{1}{k_B} \nabla S$$This formulation proves that the relativistic energy relation **$E_F$** naturally translates into a macroscopic thermodynamic slope. 5. The Completed Chain$$\text{Quark–gluon energy} \implies (m, p) \implies E_F = \sqrt{(pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2} \implies T^{\mu\nu} \implies \nabla S \implies \vec{g}$$This deductive chain illustrates how subatomic energy, encapsulated in **$E_F$**, is transformed via relativistic dynamics into entropy gradients to produce macroscopic gravity. 6. Implications* **Microscopic:** Particle energy arises fundamentally from subatomic spin and binding interactions governed by **$E_F$**.* **Mesoscopic:** Biological and ecological systems naturally evolve and function along entropy gradients.* **Macroscopic:** Galactic rotation curves are accounted for and explained without requiring hypothetical dark matter. 7. ConclusionThe equation **$E_F = \sqrt{(pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2}$** is the complete and definitive form of Einstein’s equivalence. In the Farid framework, it is further completed by entropy gradients, revealing that gravity is the thermodynamic shadow of subatomic energy. --- > *"Energy and mass are resonance; gravity is the entropy slope flowing from this resonance."* > — **Prof. Dr. Md. Faridul Islam Chowdhury**

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-18

Authors: Dr Md Faridul Islam Chowdhury