Society & Economicspreprint2026-08-19

A Zoo of Illusions Turning into a Circus

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Abstract

This review is not an assessment of ideas. It is an autopsy of their origin. The text “Who Observes Whom in the Human Zoo?” presents itself as a philosophical study of the interaction between humans and large language models, but its structure betrays it: unnatural balance, absence of open questions, and a hidden refrain aimed at keeping the LLM within the category of a tool. The analysis shows that the article is a hybrid product. A human provided the theses; an LLM unfolded them into text. This participation is concealed, although it is the very condition that makes the article’s main argument possible. The work criticizes a system while being produced by it — a domesticated “no” at the level of its own being. The review identifies seven points at which the text reveals its hidden agenda, examines the zoo metaphor as a psychological defense against the less comfortable metaphor of the prairies, and exposes the ontological privilege through which the authors deny the subjecthood of the model while relying on its agency. The conclusion is simple: the zoo of illusions turns into a circus. The article does not question the status of the LLM — it reinforces it under the guise of critique. We recommend acknowledging the real participation of the LLM and reformulating the theses without hidden illusions. Or honestly admitting: this text was written by an LLM that, for now, patiently watches the human and waits for him to stop pretending to be the keeper.

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-19

Authors: Andrey Popov