A comprehensive review of nanomaterial advances in green hydrogen production and storage systems

Abstract

Green hydrogen is a clean and flexible carrier of energy that has a bright future due to the shift in the entire world to sustainable energy systems. The review explores how nanomaterials are vital towards improving the performance, efficiency, and sustainability of the green hydrogen production and storage technologies. It also discusses the use of nanomaterials in electrolysis, photoelectrochemical systems, and hydrogen storage in an organized manner, in terms of their use as catalysts, electrodes, and storage media. The paper indicates that metal, metal oxide, and carbon-based nanomaterials have a significant effect on the increase of catalytic activity, light absorption, and storage capacity of hydrogen in relation to other traditional materials. In addition, the main issues related to the current technologies are also outlined, and the possibility of nanomaterial-based solutions to eliminate these constraints is also evaluated. The results indicate that nanomaterials have the potential to significantly increase the efficiency of systems and assist in creating hydrogen energy systems of large scale and low carbon. This publication offers researchers, engineers and policy makers strategic information and suggestions on how to develop sustainable and efficient green hydrogen technologies.