A lightweight image encryption scheme using LFSR, logistic map, and cellular automata for resource-constrained devices

Abstract

In the modern era, secure image transmission is crucial for digital communication. In particular, this communication is useful in resource-constrained devices, such as Internet of Things (IoT) mechanisms and embedded systems. Conventional encryption algorithms require greater computational power and larger memory space, making them less suitable for lightweight devices. This paper presents a lightweight image encryption process that combines a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) with the logistic map and Cellular Automata Rule 90. In the proposed architecture and during the encryption process, the LFSR produces a pseudo-random keystream. The logistic map is used to permute the image pixel positions, thereby creating confusion and robustness in the image structure. After the permutation process, the cellular automata rule 90 is applied to diffuse the pixel values. Minor modifications to the input image can result in significant variations in the encrypted image. Finally, XOR operations are performed with the generated keystream to produce the cipher image. The proposed algorithm is designed to provide secure image encryption while maintaining the computational complexity required for lightweight and resource-limited devices.