AI & Computingarticle2026-08-04

How Do QR Codes Store Information in Black and White Squares?

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Abstract

Have you ever wondered how a small square of black and white boxes can open a website or make a payment in seconds?In this article, I explain how QR (Quick Response) codes store information. You will learn how the black and white squaresare actually the computer language called binary, how special corner patterns let any camera read the code from any angle,and how clever mathematics called error correction lets a QR code work even when it is scratched, torn, or partly covered bya logo. After reading this, you will never look at a QR code the same way again!

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-04

Authors: Aksheta S

Institutions: Kumi University