AI & Computingarticle2026-08-03

Extending Willans’ Formula to Twin Primes and Beyond

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Abstract

61 years ago, Willans proposed an explicit formula for the nth prime, p(n) [1]. Based on Wilson’s theorem—that (p−1)!+1p∈Z iff p is prime or 1—Willans observed that cos 2(πx)=1 when x∈Z, and lies ...

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View paper (DOI)OpenAlexAmerican Mathematical MonthlyPublished 2026-08-03

Authors: Foo Jun Han

Institutions: Hwa Chong Institution