AI & Computingarticle2026-08-02

Quantum Spin Torsion theory Golden Mass Hierarchy

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Abstract

The unexplained hierarchy of fermion masses remains one of the most conspicuous structural problems of the Standard Model. This memorandum studies a restricted empirical observation: after normalizing each charged-fermion sector to its third generation, several measured mass ratios lie near integer powers of the golden ratio 1 + √5 φ= 2. For charged leptons, the hierarchy is approximately mτ : mµ : me ≃1 : φ−6 : φ−17 , equivalently me : mµ : mτ ∼1 : φ11 : φ17. The corresponding logarithmic exponents are approximately 5.87, 16.94, and 11.08 for the pairwise ratios. Similar integer-near patterns occur in illustrative down-type and up-type quark benchmarks, although a valid quark test requires all running masses to be evolved to one common renormalization scale and scheme. The memo separates four logically distinct statements. First, every positive ratio can be written as a real power of φ; this is trivial. Second, proximity to small integers is an empirical compression of the observed hierarchy; this is a reproducible benchmark. Third, a common rule assigning the integers across all sectors would constitute a nontrivial flavor model; this remains open. Fourth, a derivation of both the base and the integer labels from the QST finite action, E8 representation data, refinement eigenoperators, or a heavy-mediator spectrum would be a microscopic theory; this has not been achieved. A QST-compatible leading ansatz is therefore mf,i= Mf φ−Nf,i δf,i, Nf,i ∈Z, where Mf is the third-generation sector scale and δf,i records residual mixing, threshold, running, and normalization effects. The golden skeleton is judged by integer residuals, predictive compression, cross-sector rules, stability under renormalization, and comparison with alternative bases. It must not be selected merely because it fits known masses. The memo also connects the empirical pattern to two conditional QST interfaces. First, in an ordered SE/VSS background, a light fermion may acquire a pole mass through a defect or heavy-core overlap, |⟨ψf,i|VVSS|ΨH,f⟩|2 mpole f,i= ZSE f,i MH,f , so an amplitude lattice |Of,i|∼φ−Nf,i /2 produces the observed mass lattice mf,i∼φ−Nf,i . Second, the same overlap principle may be tested for curvature-trapped VSS modes around a black hole. In that sector one must distinguish the local VSS pairing gap, the redshifted gap measured at infinity, the lowest quasinormal-response energy, and any hypothetical horizon-level spacing. The preferred hypothesis is not that black-hole masses themselves are golden quantized, but that localized particle and black-hole-adjacent modes may share a golden overlap hierarchy. The final status is therefore: golden mass spacing is a promising empirical research entrance; the SE/VSS overlap-square bridge and black-hole gap extension are conditional models; zero calibration, black-hole spectral quantization, and a complete particle-mass theory are not passed.

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-02

Authors: Eddy Chow