Use of point-of-care ultrasound by critical care nurses in intensive and critical care: A scoping review of practice, training, and outcomes

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To map the existing knowledge in literature on the use of point-of-care ultrasound by critical care nurses in intensive and critical care settings, and to describe current practices, and examine reported training programme characteristics and outcomes. METHODS: This scoping review followed the Levac et al. framework, building on Arksey and O'Malley, and adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guideline. A systematic literature search was conducted without any time restriction until October 2025 across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase. Data were extracted, collated, and classified to identify key patterns. Findings were synthesised through tabulation and a narrative summary to map the evidence comprehensively. RESULTS: A total of 305 records were identified, of which 17 studies were included. Across the included studies, nurse-performed point-of-care ultrasound in critical care settings was applied within three overarching domains of patient care: 'verification and guidance of clinical procedures', 'cardiopulmonary assessment', and 'additional diagnostic purposes'. Training programmes for critical care nurses varied widely in duration, content, delivery methods, and assessment strategies, and reported outcomes were related to clinical practice, patient experience, and professional development. CONCLUSIONS: Nurse-performed point-of-care ultrasound is increasingly incorporated into intensive and critical care settings suggesting potential clinical and professional benefits. Persistent heterogeneity in training models, competency assessment, and defined scope of practice reveals an absence of standardised frameworks necessary for consistent and sustainable adoption. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Policies are needed to standardise scope of practice, training, and competency assessment for critical care nurses using point-of-care ultrasound. Integration of point-of-care ultrasound into critical care nursing education should be supported to ensure consistent preparation and skill development. Clear oversight and competency processes are needed to promote patient safety and sustainable implementation. Policy frameworks should also recognise point-of-care ultrasound as a pathway for professional development and role advancement among critical care nurses.