Surfing for sustainability: Innovation and environmental challenges in the surf industry

Abstract

The surf industry, despite its strong connection to nature, faces significant environmental challenges due to the use of non-renewable materials and unsustainable production practices. This study analyzed the environmental impacts associated with the production and disposal of surfboards, neoprene wetsuits, and other surfing equipment, highlighting innovative solutions to mitigate these issues. Through an integrative literature review based on systematic protocols such as the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, key trends, challenges, and innovations in the sector were identified. The results show that materials such as polyurethane and petrochemical resins generate a high carbon footprint and hinder recycling efforts. Proposed solutions include the use of biomaterials, design for disassembly, and reverse logistics systems for used equipment. The analysis also revealed a growing adoption of sustainable practices, driven by technological innovations and environmental awareness. However, challenges such as high costs, inadequate infrastructure, and market resistance still limit more significant advancements. This study provides a comprehensive overview of emerging initiatives and future pathways for sustainability in the surf industry, suggesting that the sector can lead greener practices and reduce its negative environmental impacts.