ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SIDDHARTHAKADI AGAD BY AN IN VITRO METHOD

Abstract

Inflammation is a protective physiological response against harmful stimuli such as infection, injury, and toxins; however, chronic inflammation may lead to tissue damage and various pathological conditions. Siddharthakadi Agad, a classical polyherbal formulation described in Charaka Samhita, is traditionally used in Ayurveda for the management of inflammatory due to its Shothahara (anti-inflammatory) properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Siddharthakadi Agad using in-vitro methods. The raw ingredients of Siddharthakadi Agad were collected from authentic sources, identified, authenticated, and processed to prepare a coarse powder, followed by Bhavana using Bastamutra. Aqueous and Ethanolic extracts of the formulation were prepared using Soxhlet extraction. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation assay, with Ibuprofen as the standard drug. The percentage inhibition of protein denaturation was calculated Using Spectrophotometer at 660 nm. Results showed a concentration-dependent increase in anti-inflammatory activity in both extracts. The ethanolic extract demonstrated higher inhibition of protein denaturation (36.9%–86.9%) compared to the aqueous extract (27.8%–75.6%), while Ibuprofen exhibited comparable activity (33.6%–85.28%). The highest activity was observed at 500 µg/ml for all samples. The study concludes that Siddharthakadi Agad possesses significant in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential, with the ethanolic extract showing superior efficacy. The observed activity may be attributed to the synergistic effect of its bioactive phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds. These findings scientifically validate the traditional Ayurvedic use of Siddharthakadi Agad in inflammatory conditions and support its further exploration as a potential herbal anti-inflammatory agent.