PHARMACOGNOSTICAL EVALUATION AND MICROSCOPIC AUTHENTICATION OF NIMBA BARK (AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS.)

Abstract

Background: The present article reveals the phamacognostical study of Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) stem bark is an important medicinal drug described in Ayurveda and is extensively used in the management of Kushtha, Kandu, Vrana, Krimi, and other disorders due to its Tikta-Kashaya Rasa, Sheeta Veerya, Kushtaghna, Krimighna, Kandughna, and Raktashodhaka properties. Materials and Methods: Macroscopic and microscopic evalautions were conducted to assess the pharmacognostic characteristics of Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) stem bark and its churna. The study was carried out in the Pharmacognosy Laboratory of the Upgraded Departement of Dravyaguna Vijnana, Government Ayurved College, Vadodara. Observations and Results: Macroscopic examination showed characteristic curved bark pieces with a rough greyish-brown external surface and areddish-brown inner surface exhibiting a distinctly bitter taste. Microscopic examination revealed a well-developed cork with tannin-containing cells, phloem fibres, medullary rays and calcium oxalate crystals. Conclusion: The macroscopic and microscopic features are important markers for the identification and authentication of Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) stem bark and its powder which helps to ensure the purity and quality of Ayurevdic Churna by detecting possible adulteration or substitution.