Influence of environmental pollutants and climatic factors on ocular allergy and dry eye.

Abstract

Background: Ocular allergy is one of the most common ophthalmologic conditions. The prevalence of these disorders has increased in recent years due to environmental factors such as air pollution and allergens. The interaction between allergies and lacrimal gland dysfunction may contribute to the development of dry eye, which exacerbates symptoms in these patients. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of ocular allergy (OA), dry eye and the association of symptoms with levels of environmental pollutants and atmospheric conditions. Methods: Skin tests were performed to determine sensitization to environmental and food allergens. In addition, a complete ophthalmologic examination was conducted. The research results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including the prevalence of various ophthalmologic and allergic conditions. Average levels of environmental pollutants and atmospheric conditions were correlated with dry eye disease as well as mean scores from the EAPIQ, which was completed weekly for 17 weeks by each participant. Results: , PM10, or PM2.5 in this study. Conclusions: , temperature, and wind speed in the management and prevention of ocular allergy. The results accentuate the need to implement environmental control strategies and public policies to reduce exposure to these factors, particularly in urban areas with high atmospheric pollution.