Valparaiso University

Beyond comoving volume: horizon flux and matter creation in modified cosmology from the unified first law of thermodynamics

Abstract We explore the derivation of the Friedmann equations from a thermodynamic perspective, applying the unified first law of thermodynamics to the apparent horizon of a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. We extend this framework to incorporate gravitat...

Conditional GLMMs for reaction times in choice tasks

This study connects two methods for modeling reaction times (RTs) in choice tasks: (1) the first-hitting time of a simple diffusion model with a single barrier, representing the cognitive process leading to a response, and (2) Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). We achieve t...

Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon...

Impacts of quiz format on student learning and experience in a flipped technical writing course for engineers

While both in-class and out-of-class assessments have identified advantages and disadvantages, there is no clear consensus in the literature regarding which format best supports student outcomes and engagement with content in a flipped classroom. To explore the impacts of quiz fo...