University of Tikrit

A low-complexity optical OFDM physical layer for AI-native 6G visible light communication networks

Abstract The sixth generation (6G) networks native to artificial intelligence (AI) are expected to enable intelligent and real-time communication services, which increase the processing needs across the network nodes. Therefore, future visible light communication (VLC) systems ba...

Model-based deep unfolding for robust and efficient free-space optical channel estimation under turbulence and impulsive jamming

Abstract Atmospheric turbulence makes free-space optical (FSO) channels fluctuate, and a receiver that does not track them pays in bit errors. As a controlled simulation study, we address pilot-aided channel estimation for an on–off keying direct-detection link with temporally co...

Assessment of groundwater quality for sustainable drinking and irrigation applications in rural areas

ABSTRACT Groundwater quality is crucial for both domestic and agricultural uses, especially in rural areas. This study aimed to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation and analyze potential health risks associated with nitrate content. The Drinking Water Quality In...

Power-dependent modeling of moisture transport and energy performance during microwave drying of pharmaceutical wet granules

Abstract This study provided a comprehensive modeling framework for microwave drying of pharmaceutical wet granules using 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 W. The study assessed key drying process parameters, including moisture-removal kinetics, drying efficiency, specific energy consumptio...

Rapid Oxidation of Sulfur Compounds: An Oscillatory Helical Baffled Reactor and a Nanocatalyst for Enhancing the ODS Process

The production of clean fuel with stringent limits on harmful contaminants is one of the petroleum refinery industry’s main goals for improving environmental conditions and being eco-friendly. Iron oxide (Fe2O3) loading over composite support (γ-Al2O3–TiO2) was synthesized and ev...

MOF–biochar composites for wastewater treatment: A review on synthesis, properties, and adsorption mechanisms

Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals, dyes, and emerging contaminants remains difficult to treat using conventional adsorbents due to limited selectivity and insufficient active sites. Recently, metal-organic framework-biochar (MOF–BC) composites have emerged as promisin...

From fluidisation to swirling: flow regime identification in a toroidal fluidised bed using imaging and pressure drop

Toroidal fluidised bed (TORBED) reactors have emerged as a promising option for superior heat and mass transfer in gas–solid contacting applications. This study investigates a small-scale, 3D-printed TORBED containing fine silica particles (90 µm) to perform a hydrodynamic analys...

What Can Parasites Teach Us About Regulating the Immune System

This article explores the complex interactions between parasites and the human immune system, focusing on immune regulation and the potential lessons that parasite-mediated immune mechanisms may offer for understanding chronic inflammation and immune-related diseases. Rather than...

Anti-Holomorphic Involutions and Langlands Duality on the Moduli Space of Principal G2-Bundles

Let X be a compact Riemann surface of genus g≥2 equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution τ, and let M(G2) denote the moduli space of stable principal G2-bundles over X. We study the fixed-point loci M(G2)σ of the involutions σ=θ∗∘τ∗ on M(G2), where θ is a Cartan involution of...