University of Technology Malaysia

AI ‐Powered Surveillance Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies, Applications, Challenges, and Deployment Considerations

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed smart surveillance systems, significantly leveraging technologies such as deep learning, computer vision, and adaptive monitoring. Driven by the need for real‐time object detection, behavioral analysis, and automated a...

Efficient and real-time polyp segmentation: An empirical evaluation of lightweight Mamba integration strategies

Accurate and efficient polyp segmentation is essential for computer-aided colorectal cancer screening, yet achieving a favorable balance among segmentation accuracy, computational efficiency, and cross-dataset generalization remains challenging. Recent studies suggest that Mamba-...

Physics-guided residual regression and empirical-error-constrained design exploration for frp-reinforced concrete slab–column connections

Abstract Punching shear is a brittle limit state in concrete flat slabs, and its assessment is still uncertain when fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars replace steel flexural reinforcement. This study develops a physics-guided residual-ridge model for interior, concentrically loa...

A Pilot Machine-Learning Framework for Cumulative Antecedent Rainfall Threshold in Landslide Assessment Along Jalan Simpang Pulai–Blue Valley, Malaysia

Rainfall-induced landslides along Malaysian highway cut slopes are commonly evaluated using empirical thresholds, with limited consideration of cumulative antecedent rainfall. This study evaluates a machine-learning rainfall threshold for five documented shallow-slope failures al...

3D-Printed Polycaprolactone/Alginate-Whitlockite Composite Scaffolds for Bioactive Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract Despite advances in 3D printing, achieving simultaneous mechanical stability and biological functionality in polymer-based scaffolds remains challenging for bone tissue engineering applications. In this study, 3D-printed scaffolds fabricated from a polycaprolactone/algin...

A Hybrid Quantum Optimization Framework for Oil Spill Detection Using Marine Radar

Oil spills at sea pose a serious threat to marine ecosystems and coastal economic development. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of oil spills is crucial for emergency response and environmental protection. Marine radar offers unique advantages in short-range, continuous, a...

Hierarchical diffusion-guided consistency learning framework for knee anterior cruciate ligament classification

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) classification in knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging due to diagnostic evidence being dispersed across multiple slices and anatomical supervision often being sparse. We propose a three-stage hierarchical diffusion-guided consiste...

Novel ultra-compact 868 MHz/5GHz lowpass–bandpass diplexer for IoT

In this paper, we present a novel lowpass–bandpass diplexer designed to operate at frequencies of 868 MHz and 5 GHz. This diplexer is designed to overcome the limitations identified in previous studies. Notably, it achieves a maximum group delay of – 0.77 ns in the second passban...

Happiness, religiosity and economic hardship: cross-national evidence on household financial position

Purpose This study examines how happiness, religiosity and recent economic hardship are jointly associated with household financial position across countries. It addresses limited cross-national evidence on how subjective well-being and religiosity relate to household financial p...

Multifunctional nanosilver-reinforced biocomposite coatings for metallic surface protection

Stainless steel 316L is widely used for biomedical implants because of its high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and durability; however, its relatively bioinert surface requires modification to improve biological interaction and osseointegration. In this study, multifu...

Evaluating airline service quality using a Pythagorean fuzzy multi-criteria group decision-making framework

Growing competition in the airline industry has made service quality evaluation an increasingly important yet complex Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making (MCGDM) problem. Service quality depends on several interrelated attributes, and passenger or expert assessments are often su...

Professional development for workplace learning: evidence from community skills instructors in Malaysia

Purpose Professional development plays an important role in strengthening workplace learning and workforce capability, particularly in community-based public organisations where instructors are required to respond to changing workplace and community needs. However, limited resear...

Thermo-mechanical performance of a TiAlN-coated micro-drill: effect of cutting speed and point angle on tool wear, cutting forces, and surface integrity

Abstract Cobalt Chromium Molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are essential for biomedical applications. However, their high hardness and low thermal conductivity severely hinder machinability. In micro-drilling, a geometric trade-off typically exists, where smaller point angles improve pe...

Squeezing flow of Casson ternary nanofluid with analysis of Soret and Dufour

The MHD squeeze ternary nanofluid flow of Casson fluid is studied, considering Dufour and Soret, chemical reaction and heat sink/source. The ternary nanoparticles silver Ag, graphene oxide GO and graphene Gr are disseminated in conventional fluid of sodium alginate $$\left({\text...

Integrating geospatial techniques and multi-criteria decision analysis for physical flood vulnerability assessment in Sibu, Sarawak

Purpose Flooding is one of the most frequent and economically damaging natural disaster in Malaysia. Determining exposed elements vulnerable to flood is essential in flood risk management. This study aims to develop a micro-scale physical flood vulnerability assessment for buildi...

RMGAT: a Relational Multi-Scale Graph Attention Network for spatial transcriptomics domain identification with systematic component ablation

Abstract Background Mapping spatially coherent tissue domains from spatial transcriptomics data is a prerequisite for characterizing cell-type, developmental patterning, and disease-associated disruptions of tissue architecture. While graph neural network (GNN) methods have subst...

Integrated FEA and Taguchi-based injection moulding optimisation of a glass fibre-reinforced nylon automotive bracket: a simulation-based study

This simulation based-study presents an integrated computational framework that links injection moulding process optimisation with the thermo-mechanical performance of a glass fibre-reinforced PA66 automotive throttle cable bracket. Unlike conventional approaches that optimise mo...

From routine jobs to algorithmic labor: a digital labor history of Generative AI and shifts in employer hiring demand in China, 2016–2024

This article treats online job advertisements as a digital archive of how firms classify skills, credentials, and tasks, thereby reconstructing the early evolution of employer demand in the context of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in China. Drawing on more than 13 mi...

A dynamic explainable AI framework for real-time intrusion detection and automated alert prioritization in security operation centers

Abstract Security Operation Center (SOC) analysts face 50–100 security alerts per hour, leading to cognitive fatigue and delayed incident response. Existing intrusion detection systems (IDS) suffer from high false-positive rates and opaque black-box architectures that erode analy...

Robust RSSI indoor localization through federated adversarial training

Wi-Fi RSSI-based indoor localization offers a practical foundation for context-aware services but is challenged by data privacy concerns and susceptibility to adversarial perturbations. This paper presents FedAdvLoc as an application-oriented federated training design that incorp...