University of Surrey

Age at Autism Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa): Exploring the Association With Family Well-Being

For many autistic individuals, close family members represent a crucial source of support throughout their lifetime. Early autism diagnosis is thought to benefit both autistic individuals and their family members by facilitating early access to services and information. However,...

Are different consumer sleep technologies measuring the same essential aspects of sleep?

Abstract Study objectives Consumer sleep technologies (CSTs) enable low-burden longitudinal sleep monitoring, and their output measures are often interpreted as equivalent to polysomnography (PSG) measures. We applied a measurement reliability-aware approach to determine whether...

Mitigation and facework

Abstract This article explores the pragmatic function(s) of the German modal particle mal in estimates or speculations, a usage that has not so far received significant research attention. In these environments, mal appears to function as a hedge, conveying a sense of hesitation,...

Antimicrobial peptides for tuberculosis in a post-antibiotic era: from in vitro promise to therapeutic potential

Abstract Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious pathogen, driven by prolonged treatment regimens and escalating drug resistance. Antimicrobial peptides represent a promising alternative therapeutic class with diverse mechanisms and limited resist...

Sex differences in neurogenic hypertension: estrogen modulation of NADPH oxidase signaling in the rostral ventrolateral medulla

Abstract Neurogenic hypertension is characterized by sustained sympathetic activation arising from dysregulation within the central autonomic network. The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a major sympathetic premotor region that integrates reflex, neurohumoral, inflammator...

Deep Learning‐Based Enhancement of Already Diagnostic‐Quality MRI for Alzheimer's Disease Classification: Effects on Model Performance and Training Data Requirements

ABSTRACT Background Deep learning (DL)‐based image enhancement is widely used to improve suboptimal medical imaging. Whether it also benefits diagnostic‐quality MRI in downstream task performance and data‐efficiency remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the impact of DL‐based e...

Measurement incompatibility in Bayesian multiparameter quantum estimation

We present a comprehensive and pedagogical formulation of Bayesian multiparameter quantum estimation. Within this framework, we analyse the role of measurement incompatibility and establish its quantitative effect on attainable precision. We achieve this by deriving upper bounds...

Acute kidney injury and renal replacement therapy: a critical synthesis of metabolic derangements and nutritional implications

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects up to 50% of critically ill patients and is frequently complicated by severe metabolic derangements, requiring the initiation of replacement therapy (RRT) in 10–15% of cases. Despite substantial progress in the diagnosis of AKI and optimisation o...

Women’s dignity at work in hospitality and tourism: a conceptual framework and research agenda

Purpose This research aims to highlight the importance of promoting and protecting women’s dignity at work in the hospitality and tourism sectors as a key component of achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 (gender equality) and 8 (decent work). It se...

The Versatility of Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Review and Structured Survey of Architectures, Applications, Challenges, and Future Trajectories

Abstract Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a transformative technology in artificial intelligence, significantly advancing natural language understanding, generation, and reasoning capabilities. This survey reviews the evolution of language models from early statistica...

Pandemonium free data for the JEFF-project

Abstract Reactor decay heat is due to the decay of both fission products and neutron activated fuel and reactor materials. At relatively short cooling times it is dominated by the beta decay of fission products. The calculation of the decay heat contribution of a particular fissi...

One in seven has severe pain: a point-prevalence study of hospitalised patients across Africa

ABSTRACT: Acute pain in hospitalised patients is common, yet African data are scarce. We conducted a prospective point-prevalence study of hospitalised adult patients across Africa to determine acute pain prevalence and severity and investigate associations of pain with critical...

Sirolimus-eluting balloon for the treatment of peripheral artery disease: SUCCESS PTA real-world single-arm study

BACKGROUND: Outcomes with sirolimus-coated drug-eluting balloons (DEB) have been positive for the treatment of femoropopliteal arterial lesions but have not been studied in a broader patient population. OBJECTIVES: Collect real-world safety and effectiveness data on the SELUTION...

Assessment Arrythmia: restoring rhythms of time, space, and practice in higher education

Abstract Higher education practice is increasingly shaped by expanding workloads and cultures of acceleration. These pressures are felt acutely in the domain of assessment. As marking cycles shorten, deadlines proliferate, and institutional metrics dominate academic time, assessm...

Menstrual and Reproductive Function Before and After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Aims To evaluate the impact of metabolic bariatric surgery on menstrual function, hormonal profiles, and reproductive health in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, women aged 18–45 years undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass o...

Durable Interphase Engineering on SiO x Anodes Through Interfacial‐Enrichment‐Facilitated Polymerization

ABSTRACT Constructing a robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a proven strategy to enhance the performance of Si‐based anodes by accommodating severe volume swings and suppressing interfacial side reactions. However, existing strategies that rely solely on either chemical...

The Use of Extracorporeal Organ Support Therapies for Acute Kidney Injury in Cancer Patients

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication in patients with cancer, associated not only with increased morbidity and mortality, but also with the interruption or modification of anticancer therapy. In critically ill patients with cancer, AKI arises from a co...

Two decades on: The National Intelligence Model revisited-contemporary practice, structural drift, and intelligence-led policing in transition

The National Intelligence Model (NIM) remains the formal framework underpinning intelligence-led policing in the United Kingdom (UK). It has undergone little revision since its introduction in 2000 despite organisational, technological and operational change. This study examines...

Towards circular economy: policies and acts governing municipal solid waste management and innovation opportunities for inclusive solid waste management in Ghana

Abstract Rapid urbanisation in Ghana has outpaced municipal infrastructure, leaving cities like Accra struggling to manage daily waste. Municipalities and private waste management companies are struggling with significant uncollected municipal solid waste and a high reliance on u...

German guitars, Lithuanian violins and Norwegian pancakes: metonymy meets the Agreement Hierarchy

Abstract Two-way agreement alternatives are familiar ( this family has/have travelled all night ), but larger systems (with multiple agreement alternatives) are rare and remain poorly understood. Focusing on German, Norwegian and Lithuanian, we see how metonyms and their interact...