University of Stirling

Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Background: Alcohol and tobacco use remain important public health concerns among people living with HIV (PLWH), even after achieving viral load suppression. This study examined the socio-demographic factors associated with alcohol and tobacco use among virally suppressed PLWH in...

Does plastic waste present an infection hazard? Current evidence, surveillance challenges and research priorities

Abstract Unmanaged plastic waste is widespread in settings with limited waste collection, yet its contribution to infectious disease risk remains poorly understood. In this review, we synthesise current evidence on the human health implications of plastic waste, with a specific f...

Reactive Iron Mineral Phases on Mars: Implications for Organic Carbon Preservation

It is estimated that ∼20% of organic carbon stored in sediments on Earth is bound to reactive iron minerals. They often occur as nanoparticulate or X-ray amorphous iron (hydr)oxides, which are challenging to identify with mineralogical techniques—especially those that require any...

Quaternary Arctic planktonic foraminifera: morphological differentiation and taxonomic reassessment of subpolar spinose taxa

Abstract. Planktonic foraminifera in the modern Arctic Ocean are dominated by the non-spinose polar species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. Acmes of two spinose, presumed subpolar taxa in Quaternary central Arctic sediment cores are therefore anomalous, implying significantly differ...

Drivers of invertebrate community assembly during ecosystem restoration

Abstract Introduction Ecosystems are complex multi‐trophic systems, and successful restoration needs to consider the mechanisms that underpin the reestablishment of biotic interactions. Critical to supporting this is improved understanding of the ecological processes that govern...

An x-ray for AI: a deterministic, model-free grounding audit of an LLM abstention benchmark

An external, deterministic, model-free grounding audit of the Rafe and Das (2026) helmet-abstention benchmark (1,464 emergency-department injury narratives). A model-free gate re-reads each note against a sealed schema and returns a three-valued verdict; it reproduces the benchma...

Protein-Containing Breakfasts Are Associated with Reduced Postprandial Glycaemic Excursions in Children and Young People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Pragmatic Study

Background/Objectives: This study examined whether adding 10 g of protein to a high glycaemic index (GI) breakfast could attenuate postprandial glycaemic responses in children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Postprandial glucose responses following this modifie...

Six Nameplates, Two Effective Votes: A Pre-Registered Local Replication of Correlated LLM Judge Errors, with a Deterministic Instrument for Measuring Panel Independence

Kohli (2026, arXiv:2605.29800) showed that nine frontier LLM judges deliver only ~2.2 effective independent votes because their errors are correlated, and that the correlation is mostly not explained by item difficulty. This deposit contains a pre-registered replication on consum...