University of Science and Technology

A narrative review of occupational and community acquired infections among healthcare workers including exposure routes risk factors and infection prevention and control strategies from 2015 to 2025

Abstract Healthcare workers (HCWs) face infection risks through patient care, specimen processing, sharps, contaminated environments, and exposures outside healthcare settings. Vulnerability was illustrated during COVID-19, when the World Health Organization estimated that 80,000...

Heart sound classification using machine learning approaches based on mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs) and statistical features

Heart sounds provide a valuable non-invasive source of information for the early detection of cardiac abnormalities. However, reliably distinguishing normal from abnormal heart sounds remains challenging in routine clinical practice because interpretation depends strongly on expe...

Bond characteristics of GFRP and BFRP bars embedded in Self-Compacting Concrete with different substitutes

This study investigates the bond behavior of GFRP, BFRP, and steel bars in Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) with and without cement replacements. Three specific SCC mixtures were developed: a control batch using only Portland Cement (PC), one utilizing Fly Ash (FA) as a partial PC...

Uncertainty quantification and parameter optimization of a plasma etching process using a heteroscedastic Gaussian process

This study presents an uncertainty-aware framework for the reliability-based robust design optimization (RBRDO) of plasma etching processes in semiconductor manufacturing. The framework is demonstrated using experimental measurements of the remaining thickness collected at nine w...

Automated and Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Predicting the Fracture Toughness of Fiber-Reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Damage

The extended longevity of fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete (FR-UHPC) in frigid regions remains incompletely comprehended, especially concerning the deterioration of mode-I fracture toughness (KIC) due to repeated freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs). While prior investigatio...

Arbitrarily Long Increasing and Decreasing Runs in ⌊n^(p_n/n)⌋

Let \(p_n\) denote the \(n\)th prime and define\[A_n=\left\lfloor n^{p_n/n}\right\rfloor.\]OEIS A318199 records the conjecture that no consecutive strictly increasing run contains more than 17 terms. Introducing \(B_n=n^{p_n/n}\) and \(g_n=p_{n+1}-p_n\), we derive the exact ident...

Resource-Efficient Structural Protection and Monitoring: Janus Nanofibrous Platforms for Synergistic Biomineralization and Real-Time Fiber Bragg Grating Health Monitoring

Abstract Traditional anticorrosion coatings for marine infrastructure often rely on toxic chemical inhibitors that pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems. Herein, we report a smart green protection platform for SS400 carbon steel that synergizes microbiologically influenced...

Arbitrarily Long Increasing and Decreasing Runs in ⌊n^(p_n/n)⌋

Let \(p_n\) denote the \(n\)th prime and define\[A_n=\left\lfloor n^{p_n/n}\right\rfloor.\]OEIS A318199 records the conjecture that no consecutive strictly increasing run contains more than 17 terms. Introducing \(B_n=n^{p_n/n}\) and \(g_n=p_{n+1}-p_n\), we derive the exact ident...

A simple reverse current blocking circuit

When the direction of system current is opposite to the normal operating direction, it is called reverse current. Causes include reverse battery connection, multiple power supply parallel connection, the car starting process, etc. For example, in a battery application, if the bat...

Polyolefins Derived from 5-Vinyl-2-norbornene as Platforms for Functional Polymers

Abstract 5-Vinyl-2-norbornene (VNB) is a cyclic olefin monomer containing a norbornenyl double bond and a vinyl double bond. Selective insertion of the norbornenyl double bond during the Ziegler–Natta homopolymerization and copolymerization of VNB produces polyolefins bearing pen...

Fractional-order mathematical modeling and analysis of HIV/AIDS with control strategies incorporating three operators

HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health challenge, necessitating the development of accurate mathematical models to better understand and control its transmission dynamics. In this study, a fractional-order HIV/AIDS model is developed using the Caputo, Caputo–Fabrizio, and...

Thermoelectric Performance Enhancement in Off-Stoichiometric Ag–Se Alloys via Composition Imbalance and Vacancy Suppression

Abstract This study investigates the thermoelectric performance of off-stoichiometric Ag–Se alloys through composition-imbalance engineering. By varying the Ag-to-Se ratio, we successfully tuned the carrier concentration and mobility by suppressing Se-vacancy formation and reduci...

Zero-Water Thermal Architecture for High-Density Artificial Intelligence Data Centers

Abstract The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has produced a corresponding increase in computational power density and, consequently, thermal power density within modern data centers. Conventional air cooling becomes increasingly difficult as accelerator-level heat dissipa...

Zero-Water Thermal Architecture for High-Density Artificial Intelligence Data Centers

Abstract The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has produced a corresponding increase in computational power density and, consequently, thermal power density within modern data centers. Conventional air cooling becomes increasingly difficult as accelerator-level heat dissipa...

Long-Chain Fatty Acids Inhibit the Human Bitter Taste Receptor TAS2R16 in a Structure-Dependent Manner

Abstract Bitterness limits the development of palatable foods containing bioactive ingredients. This study investigated whether long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) modulate the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 using a HEK293T cell-based calcium assay with salicin as an agonist. Non...

Directionally Aligned, Defect-Suppressed Non-oxidatively Exfoliated Graphene Flakes for High EMI Shielding Performance

Abstract In this study, we report the development of high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites incorporating directionally aligned non-oxidatively exfoliated graphene flakes (NOGF) within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. The NOGF was synthesize...

FedPerKD privacy aware personalized federated learning with knowledge distillation for edge oriented tomato leaf disease detection

Abstract Tomato leaf diseases threaten global food security by reducing crop yield and quality. Centralized deep-learning detectors require farms to share raw images, which raises privacy, bandwidth, and data-sovereignty concerns. We present FedPer-KD, a privacy-aware federated f...

Bilateral Lower-Limb Asymmetry as a Predictor of Injury Risk in Athletes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT Objectives: To systematically review and, where data permit, meta-analyze the association between bilateral lower-limb asymmetry and subsequent injury risk in athletes, updating the only prior systematic review on this question (Helme et al., 2021), which found mixed nar...

Vandalism of Liberation War Memorials in Bangladesh

This article examines reported incidents involving Liberation War memorials in Bangladesh from August 2024 to July 2025 after the regime change of Sheikh Hasina’s government. Drawing on qualitative analysis of media reports, the study explores where the incidents occurred, what s...

AI and Machine Learning in Automated Penetration Testing: A Literature Review

Automated penetration testing using artificial intelligence and machine learning has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional, expertise-dependent manual testing. This paper presents a literature review examining AI/ML-driven approaches to automated penetration testing a...