University of Portsmouth

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Constraints on Horndeski Gravity with Phantom Crossing

Abstract Gravity models in which the dark energy equation of state crosses w = −1, also known as the phantom divide, have received extensive interest due to recent analyses favouring this behaviour. We introduce a new subclass of Horndeski scalar-tensor models capable of generati...

Structure–Processing–Property Relationships in PVOH/PBAT Blends Plasticized with Dipentaerythritol, ε-Caprolactone, and Water

Abstract Water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) offers high tensile strength and an excellent oxygen barrier, but its dense hydrogen-bond network places its melting point close to its decomposition temperature, making it difficult to melt-process. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terep...

Does Gender Matter? Gender Signals in a UK Equity Crowdfunding Experiment

Abstract While research shows that women entrepreneurs often struggle to secure funding from traditional loan institutions, crowdfunding offers a unique channel to bypass traditional loan gatekeepers and directly access funds from the public. This study explores whether the gende...

The Composite Spectrum of QSO Absorption Line Systems in DESI DR2

Abstract We present details regarding a composite spectrum of quasar (QSO) absorption line systems. In this composite spectrum, we identify more than 70 absorption lines and observe oxygen and hydrogen emission features at a higher signal-to-noise ratio than any previous study. A...

Twenty years of Kilimanjaro observations across 5000 m reveal tropical elevation-dependent warming under clear-sky conditions

Abstract Mountain regions are experiencing rapid climate change. However, temperature trends along elevation gradients remain poorly understood in the tropics, where long-term high-elevation air temperature ( T air ) observations are sparse. Here, we examine elevation-dependent w...

Federated and Differentially Private Learning for Root Cause Classification Across Heterogeneous Semiconductor Fabs

Federated learning (FL) can train a shared model without pooling client records, but it does not by itself provide differential privacy (DP). We compare centralized training, local-only training, federated averaging (FedAvg), and client-level DP-FedAvg on a fully released synthet...

Children from six cultures reliably help their peers—but in different ways

Helping others is an integral part of human sociality, but systematic cross-cultural comparisons of children’s helping behavior are rare. Existing work has mainly focused on interactions between adults and children, paying less attention to peer dynamics—which are more relevant i...

Entrepreneurial leadership, AI adoption, and innovation performance: evidence from Indian entrepreneurial ventures

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of Entrepreneurial Leadership (EL) on Innovation Performance (IP) with the mediation of Organizational Learning Culture (OLC) and the moderation of Artificial Intelligence Adoption (AIA). There is little empirical evidenc...

The DESI Y1 RR Lyrae Catalog. II. The Metallicity Dependency of Pulsational Properties, the Shape of the RR Lyrae Instability Strip, and Metal Rich RR Lyrae

Abstract RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are valuable probes of both Milky Way assembly and stellar-evolution physics. Using a sample 6240 RRLs obtained in the first year of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, we investigate the metallicity of RRLs and its correlation w...

The DESI Y1 RR Lyrae Catalog. I. Empirical Modeling of the Cyclic Variation of Spectroscopic Properties and a Chemodynamical Analysis of the Outer Halo

Abstract We present the catalog of RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) observed in the first year of operations of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey. This catalog contains 6240 RRLs out to ∼120 kpc from the Galactic center and over 12,000 individual epochs with homogeneous...

JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova

Abstract We present panchromatic observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023qov, ranging from ∼2 weeks before to ∼1 yr after maximum light. JWST near- and mid-infrared spectra at +276 and +363 days show ∼400 K dust emission that cools by ∼75 K between epochs, the first una...

To release or not to release? Understanding sawfish release behavior in a global south complex fishery

Abstract What socio‐economic, cultural, subjective, or institutional factors might motivate a socially marginalized, economically constrained fisher to voluntarily release a highly valuable catch such as a sawfish? This study looked at fishers' attitudes (ability, willingness, an...

The Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO) Fast Analysis and Spectroscopy of Transients (FAST) Surveys

Abstract The study of young and fast astronomical transients is often limited by the difficulty of acquiring data, particularly spectra, within hours to days of explosion. Historically, follow-up programmes have rarely obtained spectra until many days after discovery; coupled wit...

Radionuclide Speciation in the Chornobyl NPP Cooling Pond Bed Following Drawdown

Abstract The cooling pond (CP) at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) is one of the most heavily contaminated radioactive water bodies in the Chornobyl exclusion zone (ChEZ). This study investigates the geochemical behavior of irradiated nuclear fuel particles (FPs) and ass...

Learning from failure by using a hybrid model technique: the Suez Canal incident

Abstract This paper examines the grounding of the Ever Given in the Suez Canal using a hybrid analytical framework integrating Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Reliability Block Diagram (RBD), and Bowtie Modelling enhanced by the Haddon Matrix. The framework identifies causal pathways...

From critique to praxis: reflections on the role of the critical accounting research community within UK academia

Purpose The interdisciplinary and critical accounting research community remains positioned at the margins of traditional academic projects, despite its longstanding role in academia. In this context, academics face job redundancies, resistance within accounting education and lim...

The impact of plant functional group and depositional environment on preservation quality of Eurasian Cenozoic palaeofloras

Leaf traits describe the morphological, chemical and physiological properties of a plant's leaves. Some of these traits may be preserved in the fossil record, providing us with valuable information about the plant itself and the palaeoecosystem it lived in. Here, seven different...

Patterns of head and neck pain and obstructive sleep apnea in women with macromastia: A cross‐sectional analysis

Abstract Objectives/Background Symptomatic macromastia, or breast hypertrophy, is associated with musculoskeletal and neurological symptoms, including headache and neck pain. Though insurers list headache as an indication for breast reduction surgery, its relationship to specific...

Rapid data quality investigations of gravitational-wave events with the Data Quality Report Builder toolkit

Abstract We present the Data Quality Report Builder toolkit, DQRbuild, a suite of data quality tools that have been developed to vet gravitational-wave events in preparation for the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run. We explain the main functionality and the many scientific t...