University of Malawi

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Influence Tumor Microenvironment Architecture, Subclonal Evolution, and Immune Evasion Strategies in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity shape prognosis and therapeutic response in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), but HIV-associated (HIV+) DLBCL remains poorly understood. To characterize the TIME and tumor-intrinsic features of DLBCL across a s...

A memory of Paleozoic to Quaternary Greenhouse climates recorded in Southern African regolith

Abstract In this article, we explore the potential of iron-rich duricrust regoliths from old erosional anorogenic surfaces to record clues of the long-term continental paleoclimatic evolution. We coupled geochemical, mineralogical and geochronological analyses on iron oxides and...

Tobacco use patterns and socioeconomic disparities in Malawi based on the 2024 Demographic and Health Survey

As Malawi implements the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) following its 2023 ratification, a comprehensive understanding of the national landscape of tobacco use is essential for evidence-based health planning. This study investigated the prevalence and socioeco...

Factors associated with paediatric ward abscondment in four district hospitals in Malawi

Abscondment from hospital poses risks to patients. The epidemiology of abscondment from hospitals remains unclear in Malawi and other sub-Saharan African settings. This case-control study used data from a hospital surveillance of the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Program in four...

Integrated Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements and Microbial Contamination in Soil and Groundwater Around a Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Zomba, Malawi

The present study assessed potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and microbial contamination in soil and groundwater around a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Zomba, Malawi. The potential ecological and health risks to communities were also examined. The results revealed that wet se...

Farm Input Subsidies and Energy Poverty: Evidence From Malawi

ABSTRACT Farm input subsidies in sub‐Saharan Africa are widely recognised for their role in reducing income poverty by improving household incomes. However, their spillover effects to non income‐based poverty receives comparatively less attention, despite the potential. Using dat...

Real-time partial shading detection and prediction in photovoltaic systems

The occurrence of partial shading (PS) in photovoltaic (PV) systems has a profound impact on their operational performance, as it triggers the formation of hotspots, ultimately resulting in localized heat and potential irreversible damage to the PV modules. In response to these c...

Socioeconomic inequalities in underweight, overweight, and obesity among women in Malawi: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2024 Malawi demographic and health survey

Malnutrition remains a major public health concern among women in low-and middle-income countries, where undernutrition and overnutrition increasingly coexist. This pattern reflects rapid socioeconomic, dietary, and lifestyle transitions that disproportionately affect women of re...

Do fiscal rules limit fiscal space?

This paper examines the relationship between fiscal rules and fiscal space in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies during 1980–2020. Using cross-country empirical methods, we find that fiscal rules reduce fiscal space, contrary to conventional expectations. We argue that this refl...

Upstream policymaking in Africa: a case study analysis of the district to national alcohol sachet bans policy transfer in Uganda

Background High rates of heavy episodic drinking in Uganda have been linked to alcohol sachets due to their affordability and widespread availability. The Gulu district enacted a local sachet ban in 2016 which transferred to a national ban in 2019 to protect population health. Th...

Spatial patterns and factors associated with vaccination uptake at follow-up among previously identified zero-dose children in Mchinji District, Malawi

Globally, more than 14 million infants remained zero-dose in 2024, having not received the first dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP1). In Malawi, national immunisation estimates may mask sub-district inequities, limiting the ability to identify and reach...

Fuel Diversification as a Risk Management Strategy: Household Cooking Energy Choices Under Uncertainty in Urban Malawi

Clean cooking transitions in Sub-Saharan Africa remain limited despite increasing access to modern energy, highlighting the need to extend traditional demand-side approaches by incorporating risk and uncertainty into household decision-making. This study examines household energy...

The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Guideline on Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Management for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

There is a pressing need to address the unique challenges of managing Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), where mental health resources are scarce and unevenly distributed. To develop this evidence-based guideline, we conducted a sy...

Untargeted 1H-NMR Metabolomics Identifies Candidate Metabolic Changes Associated with Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.) Supplementation in Adults with Low-to-Moderate Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background/Objectives: Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.) is a glucosinolate-rich cruciferous vegetable with reported cardioprotective properties. However, previous human studies have relied on targeted clinical and biochemical biomarkers, limiting insight into its broader...

Telephone versus in-person administration of the Early Childhood Development Index 2030: a crossover study, Brazil, Canada, India and Malawi.

Objective: To examine agreement between telephone and in-person administration of the Early Childhood Development Index 2030 (ECDI2030) survey. Methods: -tests and intraclass correlation coefficients. Findings: : -0.36), regardless of modality. However, pooled and stratified intr...