University of Illinois System

Dormancy type, seed traits, and species identity shape seed‐associated fungal community composition in tropical pioneer trees

Seed germination is regulated in many plants by seed dormancy, while postdispersal survival is often determined by soilborne fungi that infect seeds. In tropical forests, seeds in each of three dormancy types (physical, physiologically dormant, or quiescent) often share similar p...

Unmanned aerial vehicle time‐series phenotyping illuminates genotype‐specific responses to off‐target dicamba exposure in soybean

Abstract Dicamba, a synthetic auxin herbicide, is widely used for postemergence weed control. However, the high potential for volatility and spray drift raises concerns about damage to nontarget dicot crops lacking the dicamba monooxygenase transgene, which provides bioengineered...

Generative AI and the balance of effort in group tasks: Appropriate, over-, and under-scaffolding

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) is increasingly used in higher education, yet its role in collaborative learning remains unclear. This study examines how students use Gen-AI during group lesson-planning tasks in an undergraduate education course. Drawing on Vygotsky’s...

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated With Co-Occurring Psychopathology Among Adults Being Evaluated for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Introduction Psychiatric conditions often co-occur with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but limited literature exists on factors contributing to such comorbidity. This study examined how patient demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with co-occ...

Pre-registered Tensorial Splashback Prediction for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope

CSTM-SB1 is a pre-registered, pre-Roman-science-data prediction derived from the current Constitutive Space-Time Mechanics (CSTM) framework. The manuscript freezes a tensorial, gradient-localized splashback test in which clustering/dynamics and weak gravitational lensing must ari...

Gravity Wave Energy Baselines (∼30–110 km) Established From Lidar Observations at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.67°E), Antarctica: Energy Dissipation and Constituent Diffusion

Abstract Lidar observations above McMurdo, Antarctica from 2011 to 2024 are used to characterize gravity wave (GWs) potential energies () in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). Alongside characterizations in the middle atmosphere (30–70 km), the GW baselines show dissipa...

Economic Incentives for Agrivoltaics Systems with Commodity Crops in the Midwestern United States

Abstract Declining costs of photovoltaic (PV) technology and rising market and policy incentives are leading to the growing deployment of PV on cropland in the US Midwest, leading to concerns about the displacement of food and feed crop production. Agrivoltaic (AV) technology ena...

Influence of Extraction Conditions on Yield, PhysicochemicalCharacteristics, and Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan Derived fromBlack Soldier Fly Cocoons

Abstract Black soldier fly (BSF) cocoons are a chitin-rich byproduct and a sustainable chitosan source. This study evaluated eight extraction protocols varying alkali type (sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH)), concentration, temperature, and duration, followed b...

Nickel(I) in an All-FerricNiFeS Cluster

Abstract Anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) enzymes interconvert CO2 and CO under mild conditions and with near perfect selectivity. The CODH active site, termed the C-cluster, is a [NiFe3S4]-Feu cluster that can reside in several different oxidation states. Despite d...