University of Gujrat

Heroism to tragedy: A social semiotic analysis of visual framing in Ukraine–Russia and Israel–Gaza conflicts

This paper presents a comparative visual approach to the photography of war by international news media, that is, CNN, BBC, and Al-Jazeera English to two conflicts, the Russia–Ukraine and Israel–Palestine Gaza. We use visual grammar by Kress and van Leeuwen and framing theory by...

Immersive affordances and problematic consumption in virtual reality erotic content use: extending a Cognitive-Behavioral Model

Abstract Existing cognitive-behavioral accounts of problematic technology use were developed for screen-based media and do not incorporate the distinctive immersive affordances of virtual reality (VR). Drawing on the Cognitive-Behavioral Model, this study tests an extended model...

Nickel and cobalt nanoparticles based conductive inks and their applications: a mini-review

Abstract Conductive inks belong to the class of inks in which polymers, surfactants, and binders are conductive. Metal-based conductive inks have a wide range of applications for printed purposes. Ni and Co-based conductive inks have emerged as promising materials for various fle...

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Histopathological Correlation of Pigmented Skin Lesions at a Tertiary Care Dermatology Center

Background and objectivePigmented skin lesions encompass a wide spectrum of benign and malignant conditions that may present with overlapping clinical features.Dermoscopy enhances visualization of subsurface structures and can improve early detection of cutaneous malignancies whe...

Quiet or Blind? Measuring the Cost of Exclusions in LLM-Generated Detection Rules

A detection rule costs its operator twice, in analyst time for every benign alert it raises and in dwell time for every attack it misses, and the exclusion clause that encodes what is normal in one environment decides both. Language models now write such rules from threat reports...

Computing Running Game with Automata Theory

This paper examines a common but unverified claim in a strand of published work applying automata theory to game design: that specifying a game as a finite automaton yields a complete, bug-resistant design. Prior work has already modeled endless-running games with finite state ma...

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Community Eye Screening in Primary Healthcare: A Prospective Multicentre Diagnostic Accuracy and Implementation Study

Background Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted retinal screening may extend access to eye care in primary healthcare, but prospective evidence on diagnostic performance and implementation under routine community conditions remains limited. Methods We conducted a prospective mul...

UrduGuard: Benchmarking and Detecting Urdu-Language Jailbreak and Prompt-Injection Attacks in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

Jailbreak and prompt-injection defenses for large language models (LLMs) are trained and evaluated almost exclusively on English text, and recent work has shown that this leaves models vulnerable to the same attacks once translated into low-resource languages. This gap is largely...

Experimental and numerical evaluation of heat transfer and pressure drop using acid-functionalized titanium dioxide nanofluids in separation flow passage

Nanofluids have progressively gained popularity as thermodynamic fluids due to their intriguing qualities in terms of thermal conductivity. Though the nanofluids have gained greater attention in heat-transfer applications, their suspension stability is still not resolved, especia...

Hydrological modelling in snow- and glacier-fed catchments of the Upper Indus Basin by conceptual and machine learning approaches

Study region Upper Indus Basin (UIB), Himalaya and Hindu Kush. Focus of study This study evaluates the performance of a conceptually based glacio-hydrological model (GSM-HBV) and four data-driven models (DDMs), namely LSTM, RF, XGB and SVM, to simulate annualised, seasonal and fl...