Universität Trier

Active Shielding of Glass Capillaries for the Compensation of Parasitic Effects in Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Measurements of Organoids

Abstract Capillary-based TEER measurements are affected by parasitic capacitances that distort the impedance spectrum and compromise reliable determination of barrier resistance of 3D cell structures, e.g. organoids. In this study, an actively shielded glass capillary concept is...

Human myeloperoxidase-driven activation of skin sensitizing p-phenylenediamine-related aromatic diamines and phenylpropanoids–insights from in chemico and in silico approaches

Abstract Skin sensitization is initiated by the covalent binding of low-molecular-weight chemicals to skin proteins. For prehaptens, this requires oxidative activation to generate electrophiles capable of reacting with skin proteins. While abiotic oxidation is established, enzyma...

Psychotherapy remission prediction models show limited cross-clinic generalizability in routine outpatient care

Abstract Clinical prediction models for psychotherapy outcomes have the potential to assist therapists in planning a patient’s individual treatment, but their clinical utility depends on maintaining predictive performance across settings. We assessed prediction of post-treatment...

Perspectives of High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry in Soil Science

ABSTRACT Soil biogeochemical research requires specific, sensitive, and accurate methods to identify and quantify organic molecules in order to trace biochemical processes and assess element cycling in complex, heterogenous systems. High‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has ev...

Mixed-integer linear optimization for semi-supervised optimal classification trees

Abstract Decision trees are one of the most popular methods for solving classification problems, mainly because of their good interpretability properties. Moreover, due to advances in recent years in mixed-integer optimization, several models have been proposed to formulate the p...

Systematic Review of the Global Patterns and Determinants of International Student Mobility

ABSTRACT This systematic literature review synthesizes and analyses a corpus of 140 studies on the size and flows of international student mobility (ISM), as well as its determinants. The review confirms a consistent global increase in international students, albeit experienced d...

A CRISPR‐Based Rapid Detection Assay for Crayfish Plague ( Aphanomyces astaci ) From Environmental Samples

Crayfish plague, caused by Aphanomyces astaci (Aa), is an infectious disease invasive in Europe, where its rapid spread has resulted in sharp declines of native crayfish species. Monitoring currently relies on a highly sensitive, but costly and time-consuming qPCR approach. Here,...

Does a 360° VR nature environment augment relaxation during a MBSR breathing meditation?

Abstract This study investigated whether immersive 360° virtual reality (VR) nature environments enhance the relaxation effects of a guided mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) breathing meditation. In a randomized controlled trial, 100 healthy adults were assigned to one of...

Persona-prompted LLM agents achieve modest but genuine prediction of human social media reactions

Abstract Social media platforms mediate how billions form opinions and engage with public discourse. As autonomous AI agents increasingly participate in these spaces, understanding their behavioral fidelity becomes critical for platform governance and democratic resilience. Previ...

Estimation and Bias Adjustment of Regional Mortality Rates with Incomplete Information—The Case of German Federal States

Reliable regional mortality rates are crucial for public health monitoring and planning. However, their estimation is often complicated by data limitations, with data being published only in broad age groups or affected by systematic errors. This is particularly relevant in inter...

A probabilistic approach to shape derivatives

Abstract We introduce a novel mesh-free and direct method for computing the shape derivative in PDE-constrained shape optimization problems. Our approach is based on a probabilistic representation of the shape derivative and is applicable for second-order semilinear elliptic PDEs...

eDNA metabarcoding provides scalable and continuous biodiversity monitoring across the tree of life

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has the potential to substantially expand our knowledge of global biodiversity beyond that provided by conventional approaches. However, the degree to which eDNA data provides real ecological insight, rather than primarily reflectin...

Crossing experiments suggest a simple genetic basis of complex male self-sacrifice phenotypes in widow spiders

Abstract Sexual cannibalism is among the most extreme outcomes of sexual conflict, and the Australian widow spider Latrodectus hasselti is well known for this behaviour. Curiously, males of L. hasselti actively facilitate cannibalism through self-sacrificial mating traits. During...

DECIDER-2: Prospective randomized multicenter phase III trial of decitabine and venetoclax administered in combination with all-trans retinoic acid or placebo in patients with acute myeloid leukemia who are ineligible for induction chemotherapy

Abstract Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is predominantly a disease of older patients with a poor long-term survival. Approval of the combination of venetoclax (VEN) with azacitidine (AZA) or decitabine (DAC) in the European Union in 2021 for the treatment of patients wit...