Universitas Trunodjoyo Madura

Time-series visibility graph and histogram-based gradient boosting regressor (TSVG-HGBR) for robust multi-horizon urban carbon monoxide forecasting

Urban carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations fluctuate with traffic patterns, meteorological conditions, and industrial activities, yet existing statistical and machine learning models struggle to maintain predictive accuracy across extended forecasting horizons. This study introduc...