Universidad de Manizales

Foliar Chitosan, Paraburkholderia tropica and Bacillus infantis Alter Chitinase and β-1,3-Glucanase Activity Independently of Meloidogyne spp. Infection and Reduce Nematode Reproduction in Tomato

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are the most economically important group of plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide. We tested whether foliar elicitors induce defense enzymes in leaves and reduce nematode reproduction in the roots of the same plants. Tomato cv. Santa Clara, w...

Between Fire and Electricity: A Cultural-Historical Analysis of Activity, Sense Formation, and Energy Transition among Wayuu Indigenous Women

Abstract Energy transitions are typically framed as technical processes of infrastructure replacement. This study challenges that framing by examining how Wayuu Indigenous women from the Uriana clan in La Paz–Manaure (La Guajira, Colombia) form personal sense within culturally me...

Environmental Degradation and Sustainability Governance in Colombia: An Integrative Review

Environmental degradation in Colombia is often studied through separate sectoral lenses, although air pollution, emerging water contaminants, urban noise, mining-related soil contamination, artisanal-mining exposure, and material throughput arise from overlapping institutional an...

Exploratory Evidence on ChatGPT Adoption Among Undergraduate Engineering Students in Medellín, Colombia: A 2023 Logistic Regression and a 2025 Descriptive Pilot

Evidence on generative artificial intelligence adoption remains limited in Latin American engineering education, particularly for undergraduate populations in which paid employment may shape study practices. This exploratory study examined reported ChatGPT (GPT-4o model) use amon...

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Cardiovascular outcome trials suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but the magnitude of benefit, including recent evidence from the landmark SOUL trial and oral for...

Recovering Latent Association from Likert-Type Responses: A Monte Carlo Comparison of Pearson, Spearman, Kendall, and Polychoric Correlations Under Discretization, Response Perturbation, and Gumbel-Copula Dependence

Likert-type responses are often analyzed as continuous scores, although their categories are ordered rather than truly metric. This study uses Monte Carlo simulation to examine how ordinal discretization, response perturbation, and non-Gaussian dependence affect four association...

Applied Statistical Validation of GC–FID Acetaldehyde Determination in Extra-Neutral Alcohol Using Recovery, Relative Bias, and Factorial Analysis of Variance

Acetaldehyde is routinely monitored in neutral alcohol, but pooled precision summaries can obscure changes in performance across the working range. This study evaluated 446 valid GC–FID verification results obtained by three anonymized analysts on two gas chromatographic systems...