United International University

Reassessing the Education–FDI–Trade Nexus for a Sustainable Future: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

<ns5:p>Background Education, foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness can influence environmental sustainability through competing human-capital, technology-transfer, scale, composition, and pollution-haven channels. Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa remains fragmented a...

Environmental sustainability in belt and road economies: quantile GMM STIRPAT evidence on the roles of trade, digitalization, renewable energy, innovation, urbanization, and human development

The stress on environmental systems of the involved economies has increased due to the fast rate of economic integration encouraged by the Belt and Road Initiative. The massive infrastructural spending, intensifying trade movement, and quickening urbanisation have simultaneously...