UCLA Medical Center

Development and Validation of a Coronary Artery Calcium Volume and Density Score

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a useful tool for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction. The current standard method, the Agatston score, weights plaque area upward by density. However, higher density is inversely associated with CHD. We aimed to devel...

Malnutrition in Maintenance Dialysis: From Metabolic Disorder to Multisystem Complications

Malnutrition and protein-energy wasting (PEW) are closely related yet distinct clinical entities. While malnutrition broadly refers to nutritional deficits arising primarily from inadequate dietary intake, PEW is a complex syndrome specific to chronic kidney disease characterized...

Evolving Surgical Paradigms in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: De-escalation, Minimally Invasive Approaches, and Lymph Node Assessment

Abstract Purpose of Review This review examines the evolving surgical paradigms in early-stage cervical cancer, with an emphasis on the deescalation of radical surgery, the ongoing debate surrounding minimally invasive approaches, and the advancements in lymph node assessment. Re...

Building Families—Implementing Balanced Sexual and Reproductive Health

ABSTRACT One of the main initiatives of the World Health Organization (WHO) is the promotion of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH). Sexuality, infertility, and contraception are three interconnected pillars of SRH, each essential for achieving global equity in family planning a...

Building families—Implementing balanced sexual and reproductive health

Abstract One of the main initiatives of the World Health Organization (WHO) is the promotion of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH). Sexuality, infertility, and contraception are three interconnected pillars of SRH, each essential for achieving global equity in family planning a...

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunoassay for Molecular Subphenotype Classification in Pediatric Acute Cardiorespiratory Failure

OBJECTIVES: Molecular subphenotypes, identified through latent class analysis (LCA) of biomarker profiles, have the potential to guide targeted therapeutics in critical care. We have previously published that intensive insulin management has subphenotype-specific beneficial effec...

Factors Associated With Receipt of Adjuvant Radiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

ABSTRACT Background Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) has been the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) for over two decades. Adjuvant RT use in LARC represents a deviation from standard care and warrants further investigation. Objectives To identify factors ass...

Rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis across glycemic status: a serial coronary computed tomography angiography study from the PARADIGM registry

Rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis is associated with an increased risk of future adverse cardiovascular events. However, evidence regarding the association between glycemic status and rapid plaque progression (RPP) in the major epicardial coronary arteries remains lim...

Omic risk scores are associated with COPD-related traits across three cohorts

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibits marked heterogeneity in lung function decline, mortality, exacerbations, and other disease-related outcomes. Omic risk scores (ORS) estimate the cumulative contribution of omics, such as the transcriptome, proteome...

Structural Heart Interventions in Women with Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide a review of current transcatheter interventions in women with congenital heart disease, with a focus on sex-specific considerations in diagnosis, management, and follow-up. Recent Findings As the field of pediatric cardiology advances and pat...

Acromial Stress Fractures in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review critically evaluates the literature on acromial stress fractures (ASFs) following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA), with a focus on risk factors, prevention, and treatment. By synthesizing contemporary evidence and highlighting areas of on...

Changes in Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness, Inpatient Services, and Excess Child Deaths

Importance Emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness and pediatric inpatient services have changed over time in many hospitals, but the impact of these changes on pediatric outcomes is unclear. Objective To evaluate pediatric mortality associated with changes to ED pediatric...

Developmental shifts in eye morphology and visual ecology of banded flower mantis ( Theopropus elegans )

Abstract Compound eyes display high morphological diversity across arthropods, including rare cone-shaped forms whose visual function is puzzling because their unusual shape seems to defy expectations of how eyes sample visual space. Species in which eye shape changes through dev...